Psychological dimensions of the parent-child relationship in the Covid-19 epidemic: A review study

The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic virus, in addition to its wide-ranging changes at various levels, has specifically led to changes at the family level and has had a significant impact on many parents and their relationship with their children around the world. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the consequences, psychological dimensions, risk factors, and protective factors in parent-child relationships during the Covid-19 epidemic crisis. The method of this study was a review of studies conducted in this field, so that the research findings in the databases of PubMed, Springer, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar with keyword search 19, psychological effects, parent-child relationship, behavioral problems- Emotional, risk, and protective factors, quarantine and children were examined. Finally, based on the inclusion criteria, out of 58 articles, 12 articles were included in the research and the results of classification were summarized and reported. The results of the study showed that the epidemic crisis has significant effects on children, parents, and also the type of relationship between parents and their children and following the increase of stress in parents, the likelihood of burnout and child abuse has increased. In contrast, parentschr('39') empathy and self-efficacy skills are factors that can improve the parent-child relationship in these situations. Therefore, considering the inevitable consequences of Covid-19 on lifestyle, mental health, and parent-child relationship; designing and planning intervention and support strategies and better understanding the psychological needs of families and children to raise awareness and improve parent-child relationships to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects are recommended.